Journal of Physics Research and Education, Vol. 01 No. 01
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://ir.nbu.ac.in/handle/123456789/4176
EDITORIAL NOTE
I am delighted to introduce a scientific journal being published by the Department of Physics, University of North Bengal, Journal of Physics Research and Education (JPRE), a new journal that emphasizes contribution in the emerging areas of research and education in Physics. JPRE provides a really exciting opportunity to consider the truly interdisciplinary nature of research in Physics at a time of great change across the wider landscape of Physics research. The objective of JPRE is to publish up-to-date, high-quality and original research papers alongside relevant and insightful reviews. The journal is also dedicated to maintaining and improving the standard of taught Physics in Universities and the submitted articles will be peer-reviewed. The journal aspires to be vibrant, engaging and accessible, and at the same time it should address the frontier, integrative and challenging issues in Physics. All articles must therefore contain contents that are physics research in interdisciplinary nature and applicable to the teaching of Physics at University level. Needless to say, any papers that you wish to submit, either individually or collaboratively, are much appreciated and will make a substantial contribution towards the advancement and success of the journal. Best wishes and thank you in advance for your contribution to the Journal of Physics Research and Education.
Dr. Suman Chatterjee
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Item Open Access Relativistic compact stellar model describing anisotropic stars(University of North Bengal, 2021-02) Baskey, Lipi; Das, ShyamIn this paper, we have derived a class of analytical solutions of Einstein field equations for a spherically symmetric anisotropic matter distribution. By choosing one of the metric potentials grr to be Krori-Barua metric type and a specific choice of anisotropy we obtain the other metric function. The interior solutions thus obtained has been utilized to construct a potentially stable model that could describe compact stellar objects. The exterior vacuum region has been assigned with the Schwarzschild spacetime metric. Across the boundary of the compact star where the radial pressure drops to zero, the interior metric has been matched smoothly with the exterior metric to fix the model parameters associated with the solutions. All the regularity conditions, energy conditions and all other physical requirements demanded for a realistic compact system has been shown to satisfy graphically with this model corresponding to the pulsars 4U1820 - 30 (Mass= l.58M0 and radius= 9.1 km) [1] and Gen X - 3 (Mass= l.49M0 and radius= 10.136 km)[2]. The stability of the model is also discussed using some of the known stability criterion namely TOV equation, adiabatic index, Buchdahl condition and Herrera's cracking concept etc. The wide applicability of our developed model has been justified with the numerical values of current observational data set from various other known compact stars to a high degree of accuracy.Item Open Access TeV-PeV energy neutrinos and gamma rays from extragalactic milli-second pulsars(University of North Bengal, 2021-03) Dey, Rajat; Sarkar, TamaiThe origin of the detected diffuse flux of extragalactic Pe V neutrinos during 2010 - 2017 by the Ice Cube Experiment is not clear and various models with sources were proposed for it. In the present work, we try to find theoretically whether pulsars could be one possible source. With our study, we found that the extragalactic millisecond pulsars which are newly born may be one possible source of Pe V neutrinos and gamma rays. For the purpose, we took two-step particle acceleration scheme for transferring the rotational energy to the electrons which are accelerated to high energy or boosted up to ~ 0.01 EeV energies or above. The high energy boosted electrons interacted with cold positrons and soft radiation in the acceleration zone might produce Ultra High Energy (UHE) neutrinos and gamma rays. The theoretically derived extragalactic muon neutrino energies are found consistent with the Ice Cube detection.Item Open Access Simulation Study of the Geomagnetic Influence on the EAS Muons(University of North Bengal, 2021-01) Basak, A.; Dey, R.K.The distribution of the muon content of highly inclined Monte Carlo cosmic ray showers is affected by the influence of Earth's geomagnetic field. It is found that the shapes of the positive and negative muon distributions get affected/ modified by the influence of the Earth's geomagnetic field. Such a correlation between the earth's geomagnetic activity and the cosmic ray (CR) air shower muons is found sensitive to the primary cosmic ray mass composition.Item Open Access Spectral and Timing Analysis of Radio Quiet X-Ray source 1E 161348-5055.1 using XMM Newton Mission(University of North Bengal, 2021-01) Sarkar, TamalNeutron stars are remnants of supernovae explosion of massive stars upto 20-40 Mʘ at the time of their formation, neutron stars gain recoil kicks due to asymmetries that develops during the core-collapse process. Neutron stars are classified as Radio Loud and Radio Quiet. 1E 161348-5055.1 is a radio quiet neutron star found in the Centre of RCW103 which is Supernova Remnant (SNR) and is a periodic X-Ray with a period of 6.67 hours. This source was discovered by the HEAO-2 (Einstein Observatory), which is the first fully imaging XRay telescope. This source attracted interest due to the two main reasons. Firstly, its periodicity of 6.67 hrs which is too long for star having age 2000 years, it is behaving like a multi-million-year-old star. Secondly, the star becomes 50 times brighter in between October 1999 and January 2000. Astrophysicist put forward many theories to explain this phenomenon. In present work, the author downloaded one archived data from XMM Newton Mission and analyzed it as well as reviewed the works related to this source to understand the nature of the neutron star 1E 161348-5055.1.Item Open Access Study of DSSC dye using density functional theory(University of North Bengal, 2021-01) Talukdar, Avijit; Chatterjee, SumanThe abstract should be one paragraph of between 150 and 250 words. It is not indented. Section titles, such as the word Abstract above, are not considered headings so they don’t use bold heading format. Instead, use the Section Title style. This style automatically starts your section on a new page, so you don’t have to add page breaks. (To see your document with pagination, on the View tab, click Reading View.) Note that all text styles for this template are available on the Home tab of the ribbon, in the Styles gallery.Item Open Access Effect of Bias on The Solar Cell Characteristics(University of North Bengal, 2021-01) Debnath, Pratik; Chatterjee, SumanConsiderable attention was created over the past decade on Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) as a viable alternate technology for renewable energy. Much attention was attracted due to their high efficiencies and potentially low production costs. In this paper, Dye-sensitized solar cells with natural dyes were successfully synthesized using ZnO nanostructures. ZnO nanorods were grown on an ITO coated glass using sol-gel method and used to fabricate DSSCs using natural dyes and liquid Potassium Iodide electrolyte. Different natural dye were analyzed for its suitability to be used in DSSC and subsequently used to fabricate the cell. Finally the photovoltaic properties of the ZnO based DSSC samples were systematically analyzed. Roles of new sensitizer dye were investigated and the results were compared. The ZnO nanorods grown by the sol-gel method have more uniform thickness. The DSSC structure with Carbon counter electrode yields an open circuit voltage markedly higher from DSSC on an ITO glass and has energy conversion efficiency less than 2%.Item Open Access Electronic Band Structure and Density of States Analysis of Electron Transport Materials for Perovskite Solar Cells(University of North Bengal, 2021-01) Sarkar, Joy; Biswas, Rajat; Chatterjee, SumanFor investigating the atomic-scale calculation of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), a detailed model of interaction between the electrons and the junctions is very essential. Such atomicscale level analysis is based on the quantum mechanical model. Therefore we need a Schrödinger equation which involves all the electrons with the associated junction potential. Here we consider the Schrödinger equation and solving it by full-potential linearized augmented plane wave (LAPW) method in Wien2k code through the Density Functional Theory (DFT). We have used generalized gradient approximation (GGA) given by Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof (PBE) for the electronic band structure and Density of States (DOS) calculation of TiO2 and ZnO which are used in perovskite solar cell as the electron transport layer. We obtained the value of the energy bandgap as ~2.934 eV for TiO2 and ~3.119 eV For ZnO. We also determined the value of Fermi energy for both of the material. Finally, we compare the transport properties of TiO2 and ZnO by analyzing their band structure and DOS diagrams.Item Open Access Investigation of Oxygen Sensing Capabilities and Relative Performance of Commonly Used Materials in A Combustion Environment(University of North Bengal, 2021-01) Roy, Chinmay; Chatterjee, SumanSeveral different oxygen sensitive materials have been synthesized and relative sensing capability was evaluated. Resistive response behaviors with varying oxygen gas concentration on TiO2, Nb2O5, WO3, La2CuO4, SrTiO3, SrCeO3 and La0.8Sr0.2MnO3 have been studied. The best operating temperature for maximum sensitivity was identified individually. The response at optimum temperature was calibrated for actual lean and rich combustion environment. The relative sensitivities with all pollutant gases present in combustion exhaust have been investigated in their relative concentration ranges.Item Open Access Improvement of Photovoltaic Performance of Dye Sensitized Solar Cells by Pre-Dye Treating of Zno Nanoparticles(University of North Bengal, 2021-01) Biswas, Rajat; Sarkar, Joy; Chatterjee, SumanDye sensitized solar cells (DSSC) were fabricated using Rose Bengal dye. Pure and pre-dye treated Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles were used to fabricate the photoanodes of two cells. The structural characteristics of ZnO nanoparticles were studied using X-ray diffraction analysis and the surface morphology by Scanning electron microscopy. The absorption property of the dye was studied using UV-VIS spectra. The pre-dye treatment has improved the properties of ZnO, such as reduced agglomeration, improved morphology, increased dye adsorption and reduced dye aggregation. Photovoltaic parameters like short circuit current density (JSC), open circuit voltage (VOC), fill factor (FF) and overall energy conversion efficiencies (η) for the conventional and pre-dye treated ZnO based fabricated cells were calculated to be 3.73 mA/cm2, 0.53 V, 0.63 and 1.26 % and 4.47 mA/cm2, 0.55 V, 0.62 and respectively. The pre-dye treated DSSC showed an improvement in short circuit current density (Jsc) by 19.84% and efficiency (η) by 21.43 %.Item Open Access Array Of Nanostructured Sensor Elements For Determination of Tea Quality(University of North Bengal, 2021-01) Ghosh, Aparna; Roy, Chinmay; Chatterjee, SumanDetection of Volatile organic compounds is important for identification of flavour in different commercial organic products like Tea, Coffee, Wine, etc. The flavour components are detected through porous nanostructured Zinc Oxide (ZnO) sensing elements. This work shows the potential application of nanostructured gas sensor arrays for monitoring the quality of Indian tea.