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Recent Submissions
Samir Kumar Das, Migrations, Identities and Democratic Practices in India, New Delhi: Routledge, 2018, Hardcover, ISBN: 9781138597402, Price INR 995, pp 231.
(University of North Bengal, 2025-03) Saha, Dhananjay
This book explores the politics of identity in general and North Bengal in particular. The people of North Bengal and North East India have continuously demanded autonomy and “separate statehood” that is not only based on underdevelopment but also their subjective experience of “citizenship”, “nomadic”, cultural roots, and even geopolitical importance. At present the political distress that one region controls the other for the sake of their own makes a narrative of “Uttarbanga banchita”. This book explores the reason behind this political expression, which has now become noticed.
Invention to Commercialization of Innovation: IP as New Value Driver for Sustainable Start-Ups in India
(University of North Bengal, 2025-03) Roy, Subhash Chandra; Jain, Baishali
The business strategy is intricate. Intangible assets, such as intellectual property, make up-to 80%–90% or more of an organization's commercial assets in the modern knowledge economy. At the start-up stage, the IP might nearly reach 100%. Start-ups trying to come up with a winning plan without considering intangibles and IP often ends up producing an unfortunate approach. There are many ingredients for the successful establishment of a start-up. One important ingredient that contributes to success of start-ups is IP. Some startups claim they are too tiny, or that they don't have enough funding or other resources. Some startups think that patenting inventions is unnecessary and instead choose an open-source strategy. Some people might want to protect their invention as trade secrets. It's possible that some startups think all it takes to succeed in business is to move quickly and get there before competitors. So what exactly is IP's strategic function for start-ups? This article examines IP as a significant value generator for start-ups. All businesses irrespective of their sizes will in due course have to deal with IP issues, but start-ups and the partners they work with have special opportunities and challenges when it comes to IP management. Many start-ups sense the complexity of IP management and therefore place energy elsewhere. However, this article is an attempt to draw IP management strategy for the startups in India.
Analysing The Reproductive Health Status of Santhal Tribal Women in India: A Field Based Study in Kharibari, Community Development Block of District Darjeeling
(University of North Bengal, 2025-03) Ghatani, Swarnim
The reproductive health status of Santhal tribal women in India not only presents socioeconomic inequities but also addresses substantial obstacles towards healthcare accessibility. Members of one of India's largest indigenous populations, Santhal Tribal women, live primarily in rural and economically deprived areas. These limitations significantly limit their access to appropriate healthcare services, resulting in poor reproductive health outcomes. Maternal health for Santhal women is a major concern, with high rates of maternal mortality and morbidity. Insufficient nutrition, limited access towards prenatal and postnatal care and lack of knowledge about reproductive health rights and services all play a role. Traditional beliefs and cultural practices restrict their access to modern healthcare facilities and contraception options which frequently results in unintended pregnancies and unsafe abortions. The objective of the study is to analyse the quality of reproductive health care utilization among Santhal women during prenatal and postnatal pregnancy. The study will further investigate the socioeconomic and psychological status of Santhal women of reproductive age which is greatly influenced by their prevailing culture and value system as against their desired goals, expectation and standard in the select block of Kharibari Community Block Development of Darjeeling District. The present study examines the reproductive health care of women belonging to the Santhal tribal communities in the Kharibari Community Block Development of Darjeeling District. The findings also highlight the Santhal women's quality of life in these areas, emphasising the need for more effective mechanisms to strengthen tribal women's reproductive rights and provide the best possible maternal health care without jeopardising their community-based guidelines.
Tracing Blasphemy: Comparing the Legal Overreach on Expression and Free Speech in Digital Media and OTT in India and the US
(University of North Bengal, 2025-03) Bandyopadhyay, Bidisha; Mitra, Adwait; Avadhanam, Ishan Vijay
The paper examines the scope and impact of blasphemy law in India, which is Section 295-A of the Indian Penal Code (now Section 299 of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2024), restricting freedom of expression with reference to digital and Over-the-Top (OTT) media platforms. The hands of the judiciary may have attempted to restrict the application through appreciatory interpretation, but the vagueness of the language involved—most importantly, the undefined concept of a "class of citizens" and the rather broad invocation of "public order"-continues to give ample scope for misuse of the provision. The discussion examines significant cases concerning the arrests of comedians Kiku Sharda and Munawar Faruqui and the controversies surrounding shows like Tandav, Leila, and Paatal Lok, as illustrative cases where Section 295-A has been weaponized as cultural censorship and legal overreach. The paper also carries out a comparative analysis of the constitutional approach to blasphemy and speech in the United States and how the First Amendment and the “clear and present danger” doctrine provide a stronger leeway for creative and dissenting articulation. In the end, this paper argues that India must rethink its laws to avert interfering with artistic freedom and democratic discourses in the digital era.
Access to Justice or Illusory Right? A Comparative Analysis of Legal Aid for the Protection of Women's Rights
(University of North Bengal, 2025-03) Sumit
The operationalization of women's rights, transforming them from abstract legal pronouncements into tangible realities, is fundamentally mediated by access to justice. State-provided legal aid services represent the primary mechanism for bridging the gap between formal equality and socio-economic disparity; yet, their efficacy remains a site of critical contestation. This paper examines whether these systems serve as genuine conduits for justice or, as this analysis suggests, merely an illusory right for the women they are designed to support. Employing a comparative analytical framework, this research examines the de jure promises and de facto realities of legal aid in India, the United Kingdom, and South Africa. Grounded in the substantive equality standards articulated by the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women particularly its General Recommendation No. 33 the study evaluates the structural integrity of each national model. The analysis reveals a 'paradox of progressive universalism' in India, where an expansive legal right for all women is systematically nullified by profound implementation deficits. By contrast, the United Kingdom's model presents a 'legislated illusion,' where fiscal austerity has deliberately curtailed access, weaponizing procedural hurdles like the 'domestic violence gateway' to exclude even its most explicitly protected beneficiaries. South Africa, in turn, illustrates a 'prioritisation paradox,' with its constitutional mandate for legal aid overwhelmingly resourced for criminal defense, thereby systemically marginalizing the civil justice needs most critical to women's empowerment. Ultimately, this paper argues that despite their divergent political rationales, these systems converge in their failure to provide accessible, high-quality, and responsive services. By foregrounding the persistent gap between legal promise and lived experience, this research contributes a critical, cross-jurisdictional perspective on the structural impediments to women's access to justice, challenging the assumption that the mere existence of legal aid frameworks equates to their functional reality.