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Item Open Access Breaking the Cycle of Injustice: Investigating Restorative Justice Solutions for Street Begging Children in Dhaka City, Bangladesh through a Comprehensive Socio-Legal Analysis(University of North Bengal, 2023-09) Haque, S. M. Saiful; Chakrabarty, Shambhu PrasadStreet children in Dhaka are subjected to subtle abuse, exploitation, and violence, like children in many third-world countries. Children are found in vulnerable conditions in street-side homes, public walkways, local bazaars, in front of big buildings, and at public gatherings. It contrasts with the UN SDGs' goals and juvenile rights conferred by articles 02 to 41 of the UNCRC3, the Children Act 2013, and many other national and international laws. Is it not the responsibility of the state to comply with the mandate under international laws and the Constitution of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh. What role have the special laws for women and children played in confirming safeguards from all forms of discrimination and vulnerabilities? Children should be safeguarded and free from all psychological, physiological, inhuman, and other nuances of human exploitation. This contrast to development objectives and the frequency of physical, emotional, and sexual abuse of street children in all spheres of social, economic, and cultural life is a major problem that reinvestigated the efficacy of the rule of law and challenged the restorative justice solution mechanism in place for street children in Dhaka City, Bangladesh. A comprehensive socio-legal analysis of the Children Act of 2013 was done using a mixed-methods approach. The study sought to identify the challenges to the effective execution of the Children Act 2013 in Bangladesh and explore how restorative justice approachescan break the cycle of injustice for the most deprived and vulnerable children in society. The study explores the socio-legal perspective through doctrinal and applied informatics approaches to explore, inter alia, the uprising rate of begging children on the streets of Dhaka. The study's findings explore the shortcomings of the restorative justice mechanism and attempt to address an alternative mechanism to deal with the root causes of street begging and promote social reintegration. This study included observations and interviews with key stakeholders and reviewed relevant literature and aims to provide insight into the effectiveness of protecting the rights and well-being of street children under the current legal system in providing protection, rehabilitation, and reintegration of street begging children under the Children Act 2013. The study addresses some specific reformations of the policy framework and practises to ensure better protection of the rights of street children and promote their social inclusion in the mainstream of city stakeholders in Dhaka. The findings of this research are expected to contribute to identifying evidence-based policy recommendations for improving the lives of street-begging children in Dhaka City.Item Open Access Collective Mobilisation for Shelter: Politics of Informal Housing in Chandigarh Slums(University of North Bengal, 2017) Negi, Shashi K.The Major aim of the paper is to examine the patterns of collective mobilisation taking place in urban slums through a case study of grassroots mobilization around evictions and unavailability of security of tenure in selected slums of Chandigarh city. The biggest problem being faced by informal settlers in urban cities in the present times is the lack of adequate shelter and security of land tenure. Demolition drives and rehabilitation process started at large scale for the so called ‘city beautiful’ during the year 2013-2014 have compelled the slum dwellers to have more collective efforts. The paper uses an analytical narrative approach to account for patterns in collective behaviour, drawing on both quantitative and qualitative data gathered through interviews with 200 slum dwellers residing in Chandigarh city. Inferences drawn from the study reflect that dissent over demolition act and rehabilitation process for shelter gave significant rise to the collective mobilisation in the slums. Slum colonies are enjoying more exposure to outer world and support of local leaders or various grassroots organisations provide more potential for collective mobilisation.Item Open Access Collective Mobilisation for Shelter: Politics of Informal Housing in Chandigarh Slums(University of North Bengal, 2014-03) Negi, Shashi K.The Major aim of the paper is to examine the patterns of collective mobilisation taking place in urban slums through a case study of grassroots mobilization around evictions and unavailability of security of tenure in selected slums of Chandigarh city. The biggest problem being faced by informal settlers in urban cities in the present times is the lack of adequate shelter and security of land tenure. Demolition drives and rehabilitation process started at large scale for the so called ‘city beautiful’ during the year 2013-2014 have compelled the slum dwellers to have more collective efforts. The paper uses an analytical narrative approach to account for patterns in collective behaviour, drawing on both quantitative and qualitative data gathered through interviews with 200 slum dwellers residing in Chandigarh city. Inferences drawn from the study reflect that dissent over demolition act and rehabilitation process for shelter gave significant rise to the collective mobilisation in the slums. Slum colonies are enjoying more exposure to outer world and support of local leaders or various grassroots organisations provide more potential for collective mobilisation. , Informal , AdequateItem Open Access Current Rehabilitation Status over the Issues of Displacement at Sanjay Gandhi National Park, Mumbai: Some Observations(University of North Bengal, 2013-10) Pattanaik, Sarmistha; Sen, AmritaThe Present Status Report published by the Forest Department, Maharashtra in June, 2011 reveals the stages of resettlement to be provided to the slum dwellers settled within Sanjay Gandhi National Park (SGNP) Mumbai in two different phases and also reveals the number of pending rehabilitations to be made, in addition to the park conservation measures taken therein. The present study, on the basis of a survey conducted during March-May 2013 in SGNP, is a comment on the Report published, which intends to state that the proposed stages of rehabilitation are truly derisory and insufficient. The final comments represent the overall picture of the current issues of acute marginalization, alienation of livelihood and future uncertainty of the migrant population settled therein resulting from the fictitious rehabilitation measures and depleting livelihood opportunities of which they are doomed victims.Item Open Access Development induced displacement and rehabilitation with reference to three states – Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh and West Bengal(University of North Bengal, 2013-03) Rajak, Pankaj; Yasin, M.The essay contends that the economic liberalization in India is virtually depriving the tribal and other agricultural dependent people of their traditional means of livelihood by promoting all sorts of ‘so called’ developmental projects. Such development serves the interests of the elites while it impoverishes the tribal and poor people who are dependent on the life sustaining resources of the ecosystems in which they live. The very nature of the present development paradigm does not provide for the absorption of these poor people by either developing their skills or by providing them with technical education. In light of the above statement, to understand the problem of development-induced displacement and rehabilitation in India due to several developmental projects, a study of three states has been made.