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Item Open Access Socio-Economic and Environmental Dimensions on Health: A Study on the Santals of West Midnapore and Bankura(University of North Bengal, 2015) Roy, SamikThe most interesting feature of the tribal economy is that the majority of the tribals depend on agriculture, but they do not depend on it exclusively. Their economy is also based on forest collection and daily labour work; it is considered as a significant occupation among the tribals. Collection of forest products is a very common practice among the Santal tribes residing mostly in the eastern part of India. They not only collect different food items from the forest, but also earn through it when the surplus items are sold at the local markets. The tribal health is also connected directly or indirectly to their economic and socio-cultural conditions and environmental situation, particularly the forest ecology. This paper attempts to explore the implications of socio-economic factors and forest on health on the Santals of West Midnapore and Bankura Districts of West Bengal.Item Open Access Analysis of Early Childhood Development in India(University of North Bengal, 2020-09) Laskar, Salma Begum; Kumar, UmeshThe early childhood development is basically the development of right of children from zero to six years. Almost 90% of the brain develops during the age of 5 years. The development of child includes the physical, emotional, social, psychological and the like which are required to have a good and healthy life. If these developments will not take place during the initial years, a person’s life will have risk of impaired growth and development. Children during their early childhood shall be given adequate nutrition for their growth, health care facilities regularly like vaccination etc, care and protection and play and learning. If a child receives proper favorable inputs of healthy life, he will grow and prosper in life and if a child receives unfavorable environment, he will be burden to society and the state will have to bear his responsibility throughout his life. Children are the future of our nation and it is the duty of the citizen to give them their required input to have healthy life. The Central as well as the State government initiated several times various policies and schemes to meet the challenges faced by the children for their proper growth and development. Many international conventions and declarations were made to cope up with the problems faced by children in different corners of the world. The judiciary has also framed guidelines and issued directions protecting the best interest of children.Item Open Access Livelihood challenges and survival strategies of the hill-kharia and mankadiatribes in mayurbhanj district of odisha(University of North Bengal, 31-03-2020) Behera, Minaketan; Panigrahi, Kumuda ChandraThis paper is based on a study on the survival and livelihood challenges of Hill-Kharia and Mankadia tribes (PVTGs) and the impact of welfare schemes in their life in Jashipur and Karanjia blocks of Mayurbhanj district of Odisha. The paper reveals that education beyond primary level among these PVTGs is almost absent and their health status is poor, which together, make them vulnerable. These two tribal groups lack basic infrastructural facilities such schools, hospitals, roader, banks, electricity, proper drinking water, communication and transportation. Majority of them are in primitive stage of life, without having a proper house and largely depend upon on forest produce and manual labour for their survival. They spend very less on education and health. Besides, alcohol addiction is the main reason for their poor health and economic condition. The tribal welfare programmers could not achieve the desired results in the life of the Hill-Kharia and Mankadia and many of them are at the bottom of the human development index.Item Open Access Spirituality, healing and science(University of North Bengal, 2015-03) Sarkar (Das), MallarikaA growing body of literature suggests a positive connection between spirituality and physical health. Despite the strong research evidence that spirituality and health are positively correlated, spirituality has been regarded within mainstream medicine as largely irrelevant to the work of clinical team. In keeping with the growing scientific interest in spirituality and complementary treatments, this article attempts to explore the interface of science, spirituality and healing. The present article addresses the importance of the inclusion of the spiritual history in order to bring about faster healing of the individuals.