NBU Journal of Plant Sciences
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The NBU Journal of Plant Sciences serves as the official organ of the Department of Botany for the publication of research papers by its members and researchers. The journal is sent free to its members and different academic institutions on demand.
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Item Open Access Management of grey blight disease of Som plants using value added vermicompost with Glomus constrictum and Bacillus altitudinis(University of North Bengal, 2015-03) Acharya, A.; Chakraborty, U.; Ghosh, S.; Chakraborty, B.N.Grey blight disease caused by Pestalotiopsis disseminata, is one of the major foliar fungal diseases that constantly affects Persea bombycina Kost, a primary host plant of muga silkworm. Under nursery condition, grey blight disease was recorded mostly in SS and S6 morphotypes of som plants. Vermicompost, PGPR and AMF, alone and in combination were applied for the improvement of the growth of eight morphotypes of som plant as well as to reduce incidence. Growth in terms of height (cm), no. of leaves and no. of branches were studied. Analysis of some major defence related enzymes such as POX, PAL, CHT and GLU was also carried out to check induction of resistance after treatment. Artificial inoculation of som plants under nursery condition with spore suspension of P. disseminata was performed and disease progression noted for 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. It was clearly seen that disease progression was slow and less in treated inoculated plants. The results emphasize the fact that application of bioinoculants can be studied in larger scale for the upliftment of the health status of muga host plants.Item Open Access Structural and functional role of salt glands of cogon grass (Imperata cylindrica (L.) Raeuschel) under salinity stress(University of North Bengal, 2014-03) Roy, S.; Chakraborty, U.Salt glands in Poaceae are often found in the Panicoid and Chloridoid grasses. Imperata cylindrica is a perennial panicoid grass with widespread distribution from non-saline to saline habitats. The efficient mechanism of salt gland is an essential property of the salt tolerance of any plant. Salt glands in Imperata are present and actively function to remove the toxic Na+ ion from the cytoplasm of the mesophyll cells. SEM study reveal the presence of salt glands in both control and NaCl treated plants (200 mM NaCl for 3 days), but the density of salt glands is more in NaCl treated leaf samples. Also the vacuolarization of the cells is an important attribute for the sequestration of excess Na+ ion. The concerted activity of these two mechanisms in Imperata is important for maintaining osmotic balance inside the cells. The time dependent lowering of H202 and O2 and increased accumulation of proline under NaCl stress was also observed in Imperata. This accounts for a favourable environment for other biological processes to occur. Also the lower electrolyte leakage and membrane lipid peroxidation accounts for hassle free functioning of salt glands under NaCl stress.Item Open Access Antioxidative responses of mandarin plants to water stress(University of North Bengal, 2013-03) Allay, S.; Lama, R.; Chakraborty, U.; Chakraborty, B.N.Citrus reticulata grows in warm climatic conditions. Stresses such as water logging, drought, soil acidity, unbalanced nutrition and pathogenic infestation lead to root injury resulting in citrus tree decline and therefore huge economic losses. In order to determine the effect of flooding and drought on mandarin plants, mandarin plants were subjected to water logging condition in the field and in pots for drought condition. Biochemical and morphological changes induced by water logging and drought conditions were determined. The plants showed slight wilting and leaf dropping by the third day of flooding whereas in drought the leaves curled up, became crisp and later dried out. Marked changes in antioxidative enzymes such as peroxidase, catalase and ascorbate peroxidase was observed during stress in comparison to control plants. Antioxidative activity was seen to be more in the leaves than in the roots. Among the antioxidants carotenoid content showed a significant decrease during the flood stress but increased in drought stress. An increase in ascorbate content was observed during stress in comparison to the control. From this study, we can conclude that water stress causes adjustment of antioxidant balance in mandarin plants.Item Open Access Serological and molecular detection of Macrophomina phaseolina, causing root rot of Citrus reticulata(University of North Bengal, 2012-03) Chakraborty, B.N.; Chakraborty, U.; Rai, K.; Sunar, K.; Dey, P.L.Polyclonal antibodies (PAbs) were raised against mycelial antigens of Macrophomina phaseolina a causal organism of root rot disease of mandarin plants. IgG was purified and further packaged into immunological formats such as immuno diffusion, Plate trapped antigen (PTA)-ELISA, dot immunobinding assay, Western blot analysis and indirect immunofluorescence for quick and accurate detection of pathogen from soil. Indirect staining of mycelia and sclerotia of M. phaseolina with homologous PAb and labeling with goat antirabbit IgG conjugated with FITC developed strong fluorescence in young hyphal tips and sclerotia of M. phaseolina. Genomic DNA prepared from mycelia of M. phaseolina was purified and PCR amplification of 18S rDNA was done using ITS region specific primer pair. The amplified DNA was sequenced and aligned against ex-type strain sequences from NCBI GenBank using BLAST and phylogenetic analysis was obtained using MEGA4 software. Amplification of ITSI region of the rDNA can be considered as a rapid technique for identifying pathogens successfully in all cases.Item Open Access ROS production, H2O2 detection and biochemical characterization of water stressed wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties(University of North Bengal, 2012-03) Pradhan, B.; Chakraborty, U.One month old plant of four varieties (MW, KD, GY and GN) of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was taken and subjected to water stress for 3, 6 and 9 days. RWC was found to be higher in case of GY and KD when compared to MW and GY. There was an initial enhancement in the activities of all five tested antioxidative enzymes- peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase, catalase, glutathione reductase and superoxide dismutase in K and GN varieties, while in MW and GY, the activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase showed a decline at all periods of water stress. Peroxidase and glutathione reductase activities increased even on 9th day of stress in K and GN, but all other activities showed a decline after 3 days of stress. The accumulation of H202, showed an increase with increasing days of water stress but in K and GN there was a decline during prolonged water stress. Lipid peroxidation increased significantly which was higher in case of MW and GY. With increase in the duration of water stress proline, phenol and ascorbate content increased. Higher values of MSI and total antioxidant were observed in the cultivar KD and GY with increase in the severity of water stress than in MW and GY. After an initial enhancement the content of carotenoid increased followed by a decline. Total chlorophylls showed a general decline during water stress, but the ratio of chla/b showed an initial increase in the 3rd day of water stress which declined during the latter stages of water stress. Results of the present study indicate that two of the varieties- MW and GY are susceptible to water stress, while the other two-K and GN is tolerant.Item Open Access Polyethylene glycol induced water stress in maize seedlings and evaluation of antioxidant defense mechanisms(University of North Bengal, 2012-03) Lama, R.; Chakraborty, U.Maize is one such crop, the production of which is highly challenged due to water shortage and soil water losses. The present study was undertaken on artificially induced water stress of maize in vitro, where stress was applied with PEG-6000 on one week old seedlings of four varieties BN 10, Dhanya. Kaveri-Super 244, and Swarna for 3, 5 and 7 days. The activity of antioxidative enzyme like peroxidase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione reductase and superoxide dismutase was assayed in the stressed and control plants. Peroxidase activity decreased on the 7th day in Dhanya and Swarna but in BN 101 and Super 244 the activity decreased slightly on the 5th day and increased again on the 7th day. Ascorbate peroxidase and superoxide dismutase showed a similar trend where the activity decreased after a certain period of stress. Similar trend was seen for GR activity too in case of Dhanya and Swarna. But in BN 101 and Super 244 there was an increase in the activity with the increase in the period of stress. Catalase activity declined during stress in Dhanya and Swarna while the other two varieties showed an increase during stress. Other than enzymatic activities, various biochemical analyses like proline, ascorbate, chlorophyll was also carried out. With the increase in intensity of drought there was an increase in both proline and ascorbate content in all. A significant increase in the ascorbate content was observed in BN 101 and super 244, H202, accumulation and lipid peroxidation showed an increase during stress in Dhanya and Swarna but no increase was seen in the other two varieties. Chlorophyll content showed a decline during the period of drought when compared to the control plants of all varieties. Enzymatic activity and biochemical tests show that Dhanya and Swarna are susceptible to drought stress than super 244 and BN 101 which are the tolerant varieties.Item Open Access Searching for phosphate solubilizinz tungal isolates from soil(University of North Bengal, 2008-03) Chakraborty, B. N.; Chakraborty, U.; Saha, A.; Dey, P. L.; Sunar, K.A total of 354 fungal isolates were obtained from soil samples collected from forests, river basins and agricultural fields of North Bengal using serial dilution, direct soil plating, serial root washing and root maceration techniques. Cultural characteristics of the isolated fungi were studied and microscopic observations were made for identification of these isolates. All the isolates were screened for their phosphate solubilizing activities in vitro. A total of 70 fungal isolates showed phosphate solubilizing activities as detected in Pikovskaya's agar medium. Quantitative evaluation of phosphate solubilization in liquid medium supplemented with two phosphate sources (tricalcium phosphate and rock phosphate) was carried out for all the isolates showing phosphate solubilizing activity. Maximum phosphate solubilizing capacity was shown by three isolates of A. niger while A. clavatus showed minimum activity. Genomic DNA was extracted from sixteen isolates showing high activity and PCR amplification of DNA from nine isolates was done.