Browsing by Author "Lama, Neelam"

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Open Access
Animal Rights: The Social Justice Movement of the 21st Century
(University of North Bengal, 2020-03) Lama, Neelam
Animals have always played a great role in our life but the literature on social justice, and social justice movements themselves, routinely ignore animals as legitimate subject of social justice. The reason is very clear that the place of animals in human morality was absent and often they consider them as the property and use it however they want. Prior there were no laws; Aristotle and Aquinas believed animals exist to serve human requirement and the ethical treatment of animals were appears to be optional. But after the rise of utilitarianism with the idea of pleasure and pain, including animal pain promotes the humane treatment of animals and the era of animal welfare movement started. Against this background, the author will highlight how the level of enlightenment within our society has increased in the last several years and will examine various philosophical theories pertaining to animal rights that have evolved over a period of time that made the emergence of animal right as a separate legal discipline.
Open Access
Groundwater Management under the Indian Legal Framework: Challenges and the Way Forward
(University of North Bengal, 2023-03) Lama, Neelam
About 89 per cent of the world's fresh water resources are found in groundwater, but over the past few decades, groundwater extraction has dramatically increased, having a detrimental effect on aquifers. India is the biggest users of groundwater in the World, over 230 cubic kilometers of groundwater is used per year. As a result, more and more aquifers are being exploited to an unsustainable level, and the nation frequently experiences drinking water shortages. This article focuses on the groundwater laws that apply in India. It also examines legal approaches in groundwater law and its challenges in this contemporary India where groundwater is a dwindling resource. Further this paper highlights the measures taken by the central government in order to protect groundwater resources and argues that the existing framework governing groundwater is based largely on principles developed during the 19th century. In the light of this, the author argues that a new set of principles should be established that acknowledge the shared nature of groundwater and the human right to water, as failing to do so will violate the right to access water, and in turn, the right to life under Article 21 of the Constitution. Therefore, there is an urgent need to change the current situation.
Open Access
Water and Women's Right in India: An Eco-Feminist Approach
(University of North Bengal, 2021-03) Lama, Neelam
Water scarcity is the most widespread and serious of all the ecological disasters on the planet, and it requires immediate attention for human survival as it is affecting almost every continent causing growing concern around the world. The author would emphasise the importance of women in conserving water in this paper because they are profoundly linked to nature due to their similar life-giving biological processes. Against this background, this paper will discuss the primary role of women in the restoration and protection of the environment through joint efforts and plans, particularly in the era of water scarcity, and how eco-feminism, a branch of feminist theory, can help to solve the water scarcity if they are given proper awareness and training.