Browsing by Author "Ghosh, PD"

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Open Access
Application of molecular markers in plant genome study
(University of North Bengal, 2010-03) Dey, T; Ghosh, PD
The development of molecular techniques for genetic analysis has led to a great increase in our knowledge of plant genetics and our understanding of the structure and behaviour of plant genome. During last three decades, several powerful DNA based marker technologies have been developed for the assessment of genetic diversities and molecular marker assisted breeding technology. In plant systems, the prospects of DNA profiling and fingerprinting is becoming indispensable in the context of establishment of molecular phylogeny, assessment of somaclonal variants, characterization of plant genomics, marker- based gene tags, map-based cloning of agronomically important genes, variability studies, synteny mapping, marker-assisted selection of desirable genotypes etc. In this review article, various molecular markers are reviewed with emphasis on specific areas of their application in higher plants.
Open Access
Perspective on secondary metabolites and their exploration using biotechnological tools
(University of North Bengal, 2009-03) Ghosh, PD; Pramanick, P
Secondary metabolites are important bioactive compounds. They are important constituents of crude drugs. Several plants are rich in secondary metabolites, which are potential source of drugs, fragrances, pigments food. flavours and essential oils. Biotechnology assisted production of drugs from plants is roots in physiological plant anatomy, in vitro culture of plant cells, the design of bioreactors, plant biotransformation and hairy root culture. Bioactive compounds are produce in very low quantity in plants. It is obvious that these products are useful to mankind and needs to be conserved and manipulated. Many plant species yet to be investigated properly for phytochemical consituent and many to be evaluated at the level of gene regulation of metabolites with the advent of newer sophisticated tools and techniques biotechnology and information technology many new information may be obtained in the near future.
Open Access
Studying molecular evolution using tools of bioinformatics: an example from maize starch biosynthetic pathway
(University of North Bengal, 2011-03) Ghatak, V; Ghosh, PD
Various tools and techniques of bioinformatics are used to reveal the evolutionary pattern and chronology of different phylogenetic events in the evolutionary history of an organism. n maize, shrunken, brittle, waxy and sugary mutants all results from anomalies in the starch biosynthetic pathway. The genes responsible are shl, bt2,wxl and sul respectively. The present article explores and depicts an outline of computer application based methods adopted in a standard molecular phylogenetic analysis using sequence data of these gene products controlling different steps of maize starch biosynthetic pathway. Several such methods namely MSA, PSI-BLAST, Maximum Likelihood analysis and UPGMA analysis reveals that shrunkenl, waxyl and sugaryl have evolutionary rates ranging in between 0.001-0.003 substitutions per Site. Non-synonymous substitution (as polymorphism is analysed using protein sequences) substitution rate is much slower in brittle2 (0.0006). The divergence times between the ancestors of Sorghum and Maize teosinte lineage has been calculated from these non-synonymous substitution rates. MEME analyses and distribution of motifs in these sequences and their homologues suggest changes (duplication and rearrangements) in the genetic material after Sorghum-maize split.